Method of making high-speed steel



To aZZ whom t me}; mm:

- daga, in the State of vented new Patented Feb. 20, 192 3 WILLIAM B. .isaooxrrntn. orli ers-noose; nnwroax.

Mamet or MAKinG i'i'iefi srnrinlsr'nnn No Drawin WILLIA'DTB'. BROOK- the county of 011011- New York, have inand useful Improvements in "Be it known that I, FIELD, of Syracuse, n

Methods of which the following, taken in connection to assimilation, particularly of the heavier w th the accompanying"drawings,

even with the exercise a full, clear, andeX-actdescription.-

producinghigh speed only the use offce'rtain suitable proportions, known to those-skilled in this art and not necessary to herein describe, but also'involving the heat treatment of those material; eh masse during the melting period in such bine them into a unitary homogeneous mass which, when cast into ingots or pigs or worked into cutting tool's a nd other implements, Will retaln substantially thesame degree of homogeneity andv other desu'ed characteristics.

a series of separate cruclbles, but in each case it is found that and skill in the manipulation of the heat during the melting period, the materials tend I to stratify according to their various specific gravities and that the reluctance strata, introduces a. factor of unreliability in the degree of homogeneity and resultant defects in the product.

These defects areoften not discernible in the broken pigs or ingots and in many instances do not appear and other implements and then only 'whenthe toolv is actually used and broken by reason of the defectin the performance of some work allof which entails a considerable loss and accounts, in a measure, for cost of production. 7

hese breakages are in most instances the result of imperceptibly fine hair-like cleavages in the material from which the'tool is made, clue to imperfect homogenization of the materials in the molten mass before being cast intothe pigs or ingots and ap- Application fil ed mam r920. {serial n6. iaa vy s.

most entirely; Taking High-Speed Steel of 'c'essive melting 11s invention relates to an improved method or process of steel involving not selected "materials or ingrec'l ient elements in manner as to comj single continuous melting heat, either in an.

' electric furnace or in 61111111131368 of the utmost care' primarily in subjecting the.

until the product'is worked into cutting tools the present high by the single paren'tly cannot be 4 avoided repeated I experi melting r ee 's; but after men-ts ever'a considerable sateen-covered that these defects may; al be overcome and the home period of time; I

geneityofthe product greatly increased by subjecting the heats, a That is, the materials necessary to the" production of thigh speed? steel arezfirst 'cient to produce a maximum assimilation and homogeneity under that temperature, 5 i

, .70 ingWi-ll Withstand; after-Which the product J which is usually ashig'h. as any known lin- 1s drawn-errand. cast lnto'suitable ingotsoi' In erder complete the pieces. eniization these eipig-s are in fragments heat, preferablyin a series undera lesser ployed in the first melting With-the result.

he' granules of the various materials broken of crucibles, and

lngredi'ent materials tosu'c-' I preferably as follows:

v (is a molten state in an.

degree of heat than that einare brought intomore closely commingling relation or greater homogeneity whlclrln turn produces a better grade practically all of the wastageincident to the previous processes; i While theforegoing method is preferable, it may be possible to obtain equally beneficial of" tool and results "by withdrawing the molten metal from the first electric furnace directlyinto.

directly. into thecrucibles, and resubjecting it to another melting heat oft lower temperature without departing from the spirit of this invention same materials to at least two melting heats or periods. 3 lVhat I claim is: 1. The herein described H ing high speed steel,c onsisting'in subje cting the ingredient element en masse to continuous heat suflicient to produce a maxi mum degree of homogeneity under thatheat and afterward resubjecting the-productthus formed to another ineltingheat sufiicientto cause a further and moreuniform assimilation of said ingredient elements and, therefore, to increase the homogeneity without the addition of other materials. i p 2. The herein described ing high speed steehas in claim "1, in

which consists v h same" or" method of mak which the melting heat in the second treatment is of lesser degree than that of the first melting heat.

3. The herein described method of making high speed steel, as in claim 1, in which the first reduction of the ingredients to its molten state is produced in an elec tric furnace.

4E. The herein described method of making high speed steel, as in claim 1, in which the retreatment t the first named product is carried out in crucibles.

5. The herein described method of making high speed steel, as in claim 1, in which the materials are first treated in an electric furnace and the product thus produced afterward treated in crucibles.

6. The herein described method of making 1 igh speed steel, consisting in subjecting the ingredient elements en masse to continuous heat suiiicient to produce a maximum egree of homogeneity under that heat, then casting the product thus produced into ingots or pigs and subsequently reducing the ingots or pigs to a molten state under a lesser degree oi heat than that employed in the first reduction.

7. The herein described method of mak ing high speed steel, consisting in subjecting the ingredient elements en masse to continuous heat sufficientto produce a v the maximum degree of homogeneity under that heat, then casting the product thus formed into ingots or pigs and afterward retreat-- ing the ingots or pigs in crucibles.

8. The herein described method of making"high speed steel, consisting in melting ingredient elements en 'masse in an electric furnace under a continuous heat suilicient to produce a maximum degree of homogeneity under that heat, then casting the product thus produced into ingots or pigs and afterward remelting the ingots or pigs in crucibles.

The herein high speed the ingredient elements described method of maksteel, consisting in melten masse 1n in an electric furnace under a sufticient to produce a maximum degree of homogeneity under that heat, then casting the product thus produced into ingots or pigs and afterward breaking the ingots or pigs into fragments and remelting the fragments in crucibles under a lesserdegree of heat than w :e subjected in the electric furnace.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set of December, 1920.

my hand this 15th day BROOKFIELD.

, WILLIAM B. Witnesses H. E. CHASE,

M. R. Goonn.

continuous heat that to which the ingredients r 

